day03: rust

03/.gitignore

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+day03

03/README.md

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+# [Day 3](https://adventofcode.com/2023/day/3) 
+:gift::gift::gift:
+
+Today's language: **Rust**
+
+```shell
+rustc day03.rs
+./day03
+```

03/day03.rs

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+use std::io::BufRead;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+#[derive(Hash, Eq, PartialEq)]
+struct Symbol(char, usize, usize);
+
+
+fn main() {
+    let schematic = read_lines("input.txt");
+    let mut part_sum = 0;
+    let mut gear_ratio_sum: u32 = 0;
+    let mut first_gears = HashMap::new();  // Symbol: first_gear
+    for (n_line, line) in schematic.iter().enumerate() {
+        // println!("{} {}", n_line, line);
+        let mut num_begin: usize = usize::MAX;
+        let mut num_end: usize = usize::MAX;
+        for (n_char, c) in line.char_indices() {
+            if num_begin == usize::MAX {
+                if is_digit(c) { num_begin = n_char; }
+            } 
+            else {  // in number
+                if !is_digit(c) {
+                    num_end = n_char - 1;
+                }
+                else if n_char == line.chars().count() - 1 {  // last char
+                    num_end = n_char;
+                }
+                if num_end != usize::MAX {
+                    let symbol = find_symbol(&schematic, n_line, num_begin, n_char-1);
+                    if symbol != NO_SYMBOL {
+                        let num = line[num_begin..=num_end].parse::<u32>().expect("Could not parse number");  
+                        part_sum += num;
+                        if symbol.0 == '*' {
+                            if first_gears.contains_key(&symbol) {
+                                gear_ratio_sum += first_gears[&symbol] * num;
+                            }
+                            else { first_gears.insert(symbol, num); }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    num_begin = usize::MAX;
+                    num_end = usize::MAX;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    println!("Total sum of part numbers: {}", part_sum);
+    println!("Total sum of gear ratios: {}", gear_ratio_sum);
+
+}
+
+
+fn is_digit(c: char) -> bool {
+    return '0' <= c && c <= '9'
+}
+fn is_symbol(c: char) -> bool {
+    return c != '.' && (!is_digit(c));
+}
+
+const NO_SYMBOL:Symbol = Symbol('\0', usize::MAX, usize::MAX);
+// return symbol and its position
+fn find_symbol(schematic: &Vec<String>, num_line: usize, num_begin: usize, num_end: usize) -> Symbol {
+    // search char left and right
+    if num_begin > 0 {
+        let c = schematic[num_line].chars().nth(num_begin-1).unwrap();
+        if is_symbol(c) { return Symbol(c, num_line, num_begin - 1); }
+    }
+    if num_end + 1 < schematic[num_line].chars().count() {
+        let c = schematic[num_line].chars().nth(num_end+1).unwrap();
+        if is_symbol(c) { return Symbol(c, num_line, num_end + 1); }
+    }
+
+    let skip: usize = num_begin.saturating_sub(1);
+    let take: usize;
+    if num_begin == 0 {
+        take = num_end.saturating_sub(num_begin) + 2;
+    } else {
+        take = num_end.saturating_sub(num_begin) + 3;
+    }
+
+    // search top line
+    if num_line > 0 {
+        for (i, c) in schematic[num_line-1].char_indices().skip(skip).take(take) {
+            if is_symbol(c) { return Symbol(c, num_line-1, i); }
+        }
+    }
+    // search bottom line
+    if num_line + 1 < schematic.len() {
+        for (i, c) in schematic[num_line+1].char_indices().skip(skip).take(take) {
+            if is_symbol(c) { return Symbol(c, num_line+1, i); }
+        }
+    }
+    return NO_SYMBOL;
+}
+
+
+fn read_lines<P>(filename: P) -> Vec<String>
+where P: AsRef<std::path::Path>, {
+    return match std::fs::File::open(filename) {
+        Err(why) => panic!("Could not open file. {}", why),
+        Ok(file) => std::io::BufReader::new(file).lines().map(|l| {l.expect("Could not parse line")}).collect(),
+    };
+}