diff --git a/3/README.md b/3/README.md index 9314c95..bde3750 100644 --- a/3/README.md +++ b/3/README.md @@ -3,9 +3,16 @@ Today's language: **C** +Extra: Task 1 in **vimscript**, generated by OpenAI with just a few fixes by myself + All the characters (the Elf's items) occuring in (half) a line (backpack) are stored as bits in an unsigned long, duplicate characters can then be determined by bitwise and-ing these numbers. ```shell # Find the item type that appears in both compartments of each rucksack. What is the sum of the priorities of those item types? gcc main.c -o day3 ./day3 + +# OpenAI vim script +vim rucksack_items.txt +# in vim: +# :source day3-1.vim ``` diff --git a/3/day3-1.vim b/3/day3-1.vim new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0aa72ea --- /dev/null +++ b/3/day3-1.vim @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +" Define the function that will be run when the script is executed +function! FindAndSumCharacters() + " Initialize the sum to 0 + let sum = 0 + + " Iterate over every line in the file + " Note: The cursor position is not relevant here, since the script + " will process the entire file + for line in getline(1, '$') + " Get the first and second half of the line + let first_half = line[:len(line)/2] + let second_half = line[len(line)/2:] + + " Find the character that occurs in both the first and second half + " of the line. + " Note: There will be only one such character, since the prompt + " specified that each line contains only a-zA-Z + let common_char = '' + for char in first_half + if match(second_half, '\C' . char) >= 0 + let common_char = char + " echo first_half . " - " . second_half . " - char" . common_char + break + endif + endfor + + " Convert the character to a number + let common_char_num = char2nr(common_char) + let char_num = 0 + if common_char_num >= char2nr('a') && common_char_num <= char2nr('z') + let char_num = common_char_num - char2nr('a') + 1 + elseif common_char_num >= char2nr('A') && common_char_num <= char2nr('Z') + let char_num = common_char_num + 27 - char2nr('A') + endif + " echo "char_num " . char_num . "for char " . common_char . " char2nr " . char2nr(common_char) + + " Add the number to the sum + let sum += char_num + endfor + + " Output the final sum + echo sum +endfunction + +" Run the script when it is loaded +call FindAndSumCharacters() + diff --git a/4/.gitignore b/4/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 0000000..95fdab6 --- /dev/null +++ b/4/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +*.o +.old +day4 diff --git a/4/.vimspector.json b/4/.vimspector.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a7a9ea2 --- /dev/null +++ b/4/.vimspector.json @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +{ + "configurations": { + "vulkan_test": { + "adapter": "vscode-cpptools", + "configuration": { + "name": "day4", + "type": "asmdbg", + "request": "launch", + "externalConsole": true, + "logging": { + "engineLogging": true + }, + "stopOnEntry": true, + "stopAtEntry": true, + "debugOptions": [], + "MIMode": "gdb", + "cwd": "~/Sonstiges/AdventOfCode/4", + "program": "~/Sonstiges/AdventOfCode/4/day4" + } + } + } +} diff --git a/4/Makefile b/4/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7e235b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/4/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +ASM_SRC = day4.s +C_SRC = day4-from-ai.c +# DEBUG = -g +DEBUG = + +asm: + as -o day4.o $(ASM_SRC) $(DEBUG) + ld $(DEBUG) -o day4 day4.o -lc + @# for some reason an invalid interpreter is in the binary, which leads to 'file not found error' when running + patchelf --set-interpreter "/usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2" day4 + +c: + gcc $(C_SRC) -o day4 "section-pairs.txt" + diff --git a/4/README.md b/4/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3fc1a55 --- /dev/null +++ b/4/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +# [Day 4](https://adventofcode.com/2022/day/4) +:gift::gift::gift::gift: +Today's language: **gnu x86-64** (and alternatively **c**) + +Today I wanted to use OpenAI to solve the tasks using gnu x86-64, which I have never used before +(I did some small things in [6502-asssembly](https://github.com/MatthiasQuintern/6502), so it wasn't all new). +The prompt can be seen in prompt.txt. +It did a lot of things right, however: +- It did generate x86 (32-bit) code because I did not specify x86-64. So I changed the `int $0x80` system calls to use `syscall` (which also meant I had to change all the registers and [syscall numbers](https://filippo.io/linux-syscall-table/)) +- It did get the argument order for `sscanf` wrong, even when I specifically asked it told me that the line to read comes last +- It did not correctly implement the logic to test the condition +- It sometimes me wrong syscall numbers (they were just wrong, not even x86) +- It told me the `read` syscall can read until a `newline` by passing `newline` as last arg + +So I had to fix all that. I tried to exclusively use the AI to get answers to my questions, however I did sometimes revert to the internet. +It was still a good starting point and provided lots of help. +At the end of the ~~evening~~ next morning I had coded the task in x86-64 assembly. + +To test scanf, I gave it the exact same prompt but said I wanted it in *c*. +It instantly produced compilable c code that gave the right answer... +```shell +# for the assembly program +make asm +./day4 +# for the c promgram +make c +./day4 +``` diff --git a/4/day4-from-ai.c b/4/day4-from-ai.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dbfd76b --- /dev/null +++ b/4/day4-from-ai.c @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +#include +#include +#include + +/* + * This file was generated by OpenAI and was not modified apart from this comment. The prompt was: + * consider a text file like this: + * 22-65,22-66 + * 91-94,63-91 + * 6-88,5-31 + * 85-86,64-86 + * 40-65,40-65 + * 25-82,24-94 + * + * write c program that: + * - reads a text file like this line by line and count how often one of the two ranges contains the other. + * - accepts the filename via command line arg + * - outputs the result using printf with a suitable string + * A range r1 contains the other r2 when the r1.lower <= r2.lower and r1.upper >= r2.upper + * the program needs to output how often that is the case in the entire file + */ + +// Structure to represent a range in the file +struct range { + int lower; + int upper; +}; + +// Function to parse a line from the file and return the two ranges in the line +void parse_line(const char *line, struct range *range1, struct range *range2) { + // Parse the two ranges in the line + sscanf(line, "%d-%d,%d-%d", &range1->lower, &range1->upper, &range2->lower, &range2->upper); +} + +int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { + // Check if a filename was provided + if (argc < 2) { + fprintf(stderr, "Error: No filename provided\n"); + return 1; + } + + // Open the file for reading + FILE *fp = fopen(argv[1], "r"); + if (fp == NULL) { + fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unable to open file for reading\n"); + return 1; + } + + // Read the file line by line + char line[256]; + int count = 0; + while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) { + // Parse the two ranges in the line + struct range range1, range2; + parse_line(line, &range1, &range2); + + // Check if one range contains the other + if ((range1.lower <= range2.lower && range1.upper >= range2.upper) || + (range2.lower <= range1.lower && range2.upper >= range1.upper)) { + count++; + } + } + + // Close the file + fclose(fp); + + // Print the result + printf("The file contains %d lines where one of the two ranges contains the other\n", count); + + return 0; +} diff --git a/4/day4-from-ai.s b/4/day4-from-ai.s new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6e649bd --- /dev/null +++ b/4/day4-from-ai.s @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ + .data +filename: .asciz "input.txt" +format: .asciz "%d-%d,%d-%d" +result: .asciz "Result: %d\n" + + .text + .globl main + +main: + pushl %ebp + movl %esp, %ebp + + xorl %eax, %eax # initialize count to 0 + movl $1, %ebx # initialize loop variable to 1 + + # open the file and store the file descriptor in %ecx + movl $5, %eax # set the number of the "open" syscall to 5 + movl $filename, %ebx # move the address of the filename to %ebx + xorl %edx, %edx # set the flags to 0 + int $0x80 + + # read the file line by line + .loop: + movl $3, %eax # set the number of the "read" syscall to 3 + movl %ecx, %ebx # move the file descriptor to %ebx + movl $buffer, %ecx # move the address of the buffer to %ecx + movl $BUFSIZ, %edx # move the size of the buffer to %edx + int $0x80 + + # check if end of file has been reached + cmpl $0, %eax + jz .done # if so, jump to .done + + # parse the line and check if it satisfies the condition + call sscanf + movl %eax, %edi + movl %ebx, %esi + movl %ecx, %ebp + movl %edx, %ebx + cmpl %edi, %ebp + jl .not_contained + cmpl %esi, %ebx + jg .not_contained + incl %eax # increment count + + .not_contained: + incl %ebx # increment loop variable + + jmp .loop # repeat the loop + + .done: + # print the result + movl $1, %eax # set the number of the "write" syscall to 1 + movl $1, %ebx # set the file descriptor to stdout (1) + movl $result, %ecx # move the address of the result string to %ecx + movl %eax, %edx # move the count to %edx + int $0x80 + + # close the file + movl $6, %eax # set the number of the "close" syscall to 6 + movl %ecx, %ebx # move the file descriptor to %ebx + int $0x80 + + leave + ret + diff --git a/4/day4.s b/4/day4.s new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3a57635 --- /dev/null +++ b/4/day4.s @@ -0,0 +1,294 @@ +# Parts of this code were generated by OpenAI +# I did however have to modifiy nearly all of it + +.data + count_contained:.long 0 + count_overlap: .long 0 + file: .quad 0 # file descriptor + line_length: .quad 0 # store the length of the current line in line_buffer + line_nr: .long 0 # store the line number + r1_upper: .long 0 # range 1 upper value + r2_upper: .long 0 # range 2 upper value + r1_lower: .long 0 # range 1 lower value + r2_lower: .long 0 # range 2 lower value + current_char: .long 0 + + filename: .asciz "section-pairs.txt" + format: .asciz "%d-%d,%d-%d" + f_contained: .asciz "Current line has containment. count_contained: [%d]\n" + f_res_cont: .asciz "The file contains %d lines where one of the two ranges contains the other\n" + f_res_over: .asciz "The file contains %d lines where one of the two ranges overlaps the other\n" + f_line_nr: .asciz "Line Nr: [%d] -\t" + f_line_length: .asciz "Line Length: [%d] -\tContent: '" + f_q_newline: .asciz "'\n" + f_error_open: .asciz "Error %d while opening file\n" + f_error_read: .asciz "Error %d while reading file.\n" + f_error_match: .asciz "Error %d while matching line.\n" + +LINE_BUFSIZ = 32 +PRINT_BUFSIZ = 100 +SYS_READ = 0 +SYS_WRITE = 1 +SYS_OPEN = 2 +SYS_CLOSE = 3 +SYS_EXIT = 60 +STDOUT = 1 + +.bss + line_buffer: .skip LINE_BUFSIZ + print_buffer: .skip PRINT_BUFSIZ + +.text +.globl _start +.globl sscanfl + + +# syscall arg order +# (call #: rax) - rdi rsi rdx r10 r8 r9 +_start: + push %rbp + mov %rsp, %rbp + + # xorl %eax, %eax # initialize count_contained to 0 + # movl $1, %ebx # initialize loop variable to 1 + + # open the file and store the file descriptor in %ecx + movq $SYS_OPEN, %rax # set the number of the "open" syscall + movq $filename, %rdi # move the address of the filename to %ebx + xorq %rsi, %rsi # set the flags to 0 + xorq %rdx, %rdx # set the mode to 0 = read + # movq $777, %rsi + syscall + + # if read fails, jump to error + jl .error_open + jg .error_open + # negative return value is error + cmpq $0, %rax + jl .error_open + + movq %rax, file # store file descriptor in file + + # read the file line by line + .loop: + call read_next_line + + cmpq $0, %rax # rax is number of chars read, if 0 we are done + je .done + + # get and print line lenght + movq %rax, line_length + + # increment line nr + incl line_nr # increment line_nr + + # print line nr + movl line_nr, %edx # load to print + leaq f_line_nr, %rsi # set print format + push %rdx + call print_rsi_rdx + pop %rdx + + # print line lenght + movq line_length, %rdx + leaq f_line_length, %rsi + push %rdx + call print_rsi_rdx + pop %rdx + + # print the line + movq $SYS_WRITE, %rax # set the number of the "write" syscall to 4 + movq $STDOUT, %rdi # move the file descriptor (1 for stdout) to %ebx + movq $LINE_BUFSIZ, %rdx # number of bytes + leaq line_buffer, %rsi # buffer + syscall + + # print newline + movq $SYS_WRITE, %rax # set the number of the "write" syscall to 4 + movq $STDOUT, %rdi # move the file descriptor (1 for stdout) to %ebx + movq $2, %rdx # number of bytes + leaq f_q_newline, %rsi # buffer + syscall + + # from first arg to last + leaq line_buffer, %rdi # Load the address of the line_buffer into %rdi + leaq format, %rsi # Move the address of the format string into %rs + leaq r1_lower, %rdx # Move the address of the first output register into %esi + leaq r1_upper, %rcx # Move the address of the second output register into %edx + leaq r2_lower, %r8 # Move the address of the third output register into %ecx + leaq r2_upper, %r9 # Move the address of the fourth output register into %r8d + + push %rbx # to align the stack + call sscanf # Call the scanf function + pop %rbx # restore stack ptr + cmp $0, %rax + je .error_match # 0 is not succesful + + # load the results into registers + movl r1_lower, %eax + movl r2_lower, %ebx + movl r1_upper, %ecx + movl r2_upper, %edx + + cmp %ebx, %eax # compare r1l to r2l + jg .cont_r1l_greater_r2l + je .is_contained # if lower bounds are equal, one must be contained in the other + jl .cont_r1l_less_r2l + + # 1) check containment + .cont_r1l_greater_r2l: # r1l > r2l + # to be contained: r1u <= r2u + cmp %edx, %ecx + jl .is_contained + je .is_contained + jmp .not_contained + + + .cont_r1l_less_r2l: + # to be contained: r1u >= r1u + cmp %edx, %ecx + jg .is_contained + je .is_contained + jmp .not_contained + + movq $42, %rax + jmp .error_open # it should not come to this + + .is_contained: + incl count_contained + jmp .overlaps # containment € overlap + .not_contained: + + # 2) overlap + # two ranges overlap if + # r1l > r2l: + # r1l <= r2u + # r1l < r2l: + # r1u >= r2l + # r1l == r2l + cmpl %ebx, %eax # compare r1l to r2l + jg .over_r1l_greater_r2l + je .overlaps + jl .over_r1l_less_r2l + + movq $43, %rax + jmp .error_open # should not happen + + .over_r1l_greater_r2l: # r1l > r2l + cmpl %edx, %eax # overlap if r1l <= r2u + je .overlaps + jl .overlaps + jmp .no_overlap + + .over_r1l_less_r2l: # r1l < r2l + cmpl %ebx, %ecx # overlap if r1u >= r2l + jg .overlaps + je .overlaps + jmp .no_overlap + + .overlaps: + incl count_overlap + + .no_overlap: + + jmp .loop # repeat the loop + + .done: + + movl count_contained, %edx + leaq f_res_cont, %rsi # set print format + push %rsi + call print_rsi_rdx + pop %rsi + + movl count_overlap, %edx + leaq f_res_over, %rsi # set print format + push %rsi + call print_rsi_rdx + pop %rsi + + movq $0, %r10 # set exit status + jmp .close_file + + .error_open: + leaq f_error_open, %rsi # set print format + jmp .error + .error_read: + leaq f_error_read, %rsi # set print format + jmp .error + .error_match: + leaq f_error_match, %rsi # set print format + .error: + movq %rax, %rdx # print rax + # leaq f_error, %rsi # set print format + push %rax + call print_rsi_rdx + pop %rax + movq %rax, %r10 # set exit status + + .close_file: + # close the file, expect exit status in %r10 + movq $SYS_CLOSE, %rax # set the number of the "close" syscall to 3 + movq file, %rdi # move the file descriptor to %rdi + syscall + + leave + + movq $SYS_EXIT, %rax + movq %r10, %rdi + syscall + + +read_next_line: + # read char by char, until newline or eof, return number of chars in rax + xorq %r10, %r10 # charcount_contained + xorq %rsi, %rsi # make sure rsi is 0 + xorq %r11, %r11 # make sure r11 is 0 + .load_char: + movq $SYS_READ, %rax # set the number of the "read" syscall + movq file, %rdi # move the file descriptor to %rdi + leaq current_char, %rsi # move the address of the charbuffer to %rsi + movq $1, %rdx # read only 1 char + syscall + + jl .error_read + + cmpq $0, %rax # if no char is loaded - eof + je .line_complete + + movb current_char, %r11b + + cmpb $'\n', %r11b # if newline + je .line_complete + + movb %r11b, line_buffer(,%r10,1) # copy current char into the place at charcount_contained + incq %r10 # increment charcount_contained + jmp .load_char + .line_complete: + # null terminate the line + leaq line_buffer, %rax + movq $0, (%rax,%r10,1) + + movq %r10, %rax # return number of chars loaded in rax + ret + +print_rsi_rdx: + # print an int with $format, first get the formatted string from sprintf and the do a write syscall to stdout + # print the format string in %rsi which contains one int in %rdx + push %rdx # save the value + + # Set up the format string and the integer value + leaq print_buffer, %rdi # Load the address of the buffer into %rdi + # Use sprintf to format the string and the integer value + call sprintf # Call the sprintf function + # Determine the number of bytes written to the buffer + movq %rax, %rdx # Move the number of bytes written to %rdx + + # Set up the write syscall + movq $SYS_WRITE, %rax # set the number of the "write" syscall to 4 + movq $STDOUT, %rdi # move the file descriptor (1 for stdout) to %ebx + leaq print_buffer, %rsi + syscall + + pop %rdx + ret diff --git a/4/prompt.md b/4/prompt.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..90d7c50 --- /dev/null +++ b/4/prompt.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +# original prompt +consider a text file like this: +22-65,22-66 +91-94,63-91 +6-88,5-31 +85-86,64-86 +40-65,40-65 +25-82,24-94 + +write an gnu-x86 assembly program that: +- reads a text file like this line by line and count how often one of the two ranges contains the other. +- accepts the filename via command line arg +- outputs the result using printf with a suitable string +A range r1 contains the other r2 when the r1.lower <= r2.lower and r1.upper >= r2.upper +the program needs to output how often that is the case in the entire file + +# add task 2 to c code: +can you add another check to the c code: +it should now also check if one of the ranges overlaps the other. +A range r1 overlaps the other r2 if: +- r1.lower == r2.lower +- r1.upper == r2.upper +- r1.lower > r2.lower and r1.lower <= r2.upper +- r1.upper < r1.upper r1.upper >= r2.lower +... +sorry i failed to mention that the overlaps and containment should be counted separately diff --git a/4/section-pairs.txt b/4/section-pairs.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3b72ab6 --- /dev/null +++ b/4/section-pairs.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1000 @@ +22-65,22-66 +91-94,63-91 +6-88,5-31 +85-86,64-86 +40-65,40-65 +25-82,24-94 +68-69,68-92 +60-91,89-92 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